Although doctors have speculated about the how the high-fat diet works, the mechanisms by which it alleviates seizures are unknown. Research into the mechanisms at play will likely provide a new area of inquiry for neuroscientists wishing to better understand the mechanism of this disorder. This work could involve human neurophysiological studies into the neural correlates of the improvements (e.g. comparing EEG and fMRI measurements of epileptic patients both on and off the diet) as well as more basic research into the effects of diet on neural processing. This line of work could be expanded beyond diets used to treat a neurological condition, to diets designed to enhance mental performance.